[{"command":"settings","settings":{"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","ajaxPageState":{"theme":"csir","theme_token":"MUylm1NIbOJ2OjVrm__c8DTiZLp_j3mvuxBMmbHUfg8"},"encrypt_submissions":{"baseUrl":"https:\/\/serc.res.in"}},"merge":true},{"command":"insert","method":"replaceWith","selector":"#node-5566","data":"\u003Cdiv id=\u0022node-5566\u0022 class=\u0022node node-expertise-research-developement clearfix\u0022 about=\u0022\/ratcheting-studies-stainless-steel-straight-pipes-and-elbows-under-combined-internal-pressure-and\u0022 typeof=\u0022sioc:Item foaf:Document\u0022\u003E\n\n        \u003Ch2\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022\/ratcheting-studies-stainless-steel-straight-pipes-and-elbows-under-combined-internal-pressure-and\u0022\u003ERatcheting studies on stainless steel straight pipes and elbows under combined internal pressure and cyclic bending (Sponsor: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai)\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \u003Cspan property=\u0022dc:title\u0022 content=\u0022Ratcheting studies on stainless steel straight pipes and elbows under combined internal pressure and cyclic bending (Sponsor: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai)\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta element-hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan property=\u0022sioc:num_replies\u0022 content=\u00220\u0022 datatype=\u0022xsd:integer\u0022 class=\u0022rdf-meta element-hidden\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content clearfix\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-items\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022field-item even\u0022 property=\u0022content:encoded\u0022\u003E\u003Cp class=\u0022rtejustify\u0022\u003ERatcheting studies were carried out on SA 312 Type 304LN stainless steel straight pipes and elbows of 168 mm outer diameter under internal pressure and cyclic bending load.  The internal pressure was varied between 25 MPa and 45 MPa in the case of straight pipes and 27.6 MPa and 39.2 MPa in the case of elbows.  The specimens were filled with water and pressurized.  Cyclic bending load was applied on the specimens by subjecting them to different levels of load-line displacement. The specimens have undergone significant ratchet swelling (ballooning), ovalization and consequent thinning of the cross-section during ratcheting.  The straight pipes failed either by occurrence of through-wall crack accompanied by simultaneous ballooning or bursting with simultaneous ballooning.  All the elbows failed by occurrence of through-wall crack accompanied by simultaneous ballooning.  The ballooning in straight pipes was found to be varying from 13.4% to 19.0% with respect to the original diameter in the gauge length portion.  In the case of elbows, the ballooning was found to be varying from 3.8% to 5.8%.  The percentage reduction in thickness varied from 6.0% to 16.3%.  Relatively, ratcheting was found to be more pronounced in straight pipes in comparison to elbows.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022link-wrapper\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cul class=\u0022links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022node-readless first last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/more\/node\/5566\/teaser\u0022 class=\u0022use-ajax\u0022\u003ERead less\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E    \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n  \n\u003C\/div\u003E","settings":null},{"command":"invoke","selector":"#node-5566","method":"addClass","arguments":["more-load node-teaser"]},{"command":"readmore_ajax","speed":"350"}]